Expenditures in the healthcare market are characterized by a high level of uncertainty. Unlike a pension-system where benefits can be assessed based on a defined-contribution or defined-benefit approach, a healthcare-system could actually be described more as a service defined system, which will be denoted as undefined-benefit system. In this webinar will be discussed how different factors affect both systems differently, how certain features of social protection systems take on different realities in healthcare and pension and how fundamental is the role of the actuary in such after retirement schemes.